Physics Formula HSC

Essential Physics Formulas for HSC Students

Introduction

Physics is a fascinating subject that combines theoretical concepts with practical applications. For HSC (Higher Secondary Certificate) students, mastering physics formulas is essential for success in exams. This article provides a comprehensive list of key physics formulas, explanations, and examples to help you excel.

Key Physics Formulas for HSC

Below are the most commonly used physics formulas in HSC syllabi, categorized by topic:

1. Mechanics

Kinematic Equations: \[ v = u + at \] \[ s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2 \] \[ v^2 = u^2 + 2as \] Where: \( u \) = initial velocity, \( v \) = final velocity, \( a \) = acceleration, \( s \) = displacement, \( t \) = time.
Newton's Second Law: \[ F = ma \] Where: \( F \) = force, \( m \) = mass, \( a \) = acceleration.

2. Work, Energy, and Power

Kinetic Energy: \[ KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \] Where: \( KE \) = kinetic energy, \( m \) = mass, \( v \) = velocity.
Potential Energy: \[ PE = mgh \] Where: \( PE \) = potential energy, \( m \) = mass, \( g \) = gravitational acceleration, \( h \) = height.
Power: \[ P = \frac{W}{t} \] Where: \( P \) = power, \( W \) = work done, \( t \) = time.

3. Electricity and Magnetism

Ohm's Law: \[ V = IR \] Where: \( V \) = voltage, \( I \) = current, \( R \) = resistance.
Electric Power: \[ P = VI \] Where: \( P \) = power, \( V \) = voltage, \( I \) = current.
Force Between Two Charges: \[ F = k \frac{q_1q_2}{r^2} \] Where: \( F \) = force, \( k \) = Coulomb's constant, \( q_1, q_2 \) = charges, \( r \) = distance between charges.

Examples with Physics Formulas

Example 1: Calculating Final Velocity

A car accelerates from rest at \( 2 \, \text{m/s}^2 \) for \( 5 \, \text{s} \). Find its final velocity.

Using the formula: \[ v = u + at \] Substituting the values: \[ v = 0 + (2)(5) = 10 \, \text{m/s} \] The final velocity is \( 10 \, \text{m/s} \).

Example 2: Finding Kinetic Energy

A ball with a mass of \( 2 \, \text{kg} \) moves at a velocity of \( 3 \, \text{m/s} \). Calculate its kinetic energy.

Using the formula: \[ KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \] Substituting the values: \[ KE = \frac{1}{2}(2)(3)^2 = \frac{1}{2}(2)(9) = 9 \, \text{J} \] The kinetic energy is \( 9 \, \text{J} \).

Tips for Remembering Physics Formulas

Here are some strategies to help you memorize and apply physics formulas effectively:

Understand the Concept: Focus on the meaning and derivation of each formula rather than rote memorization.
Practice Problems: Regular practice helps reinforce your understanding of formulas.
Use Flashcards: Write formulas on flashcards and review them frequently.
Relate to Real-Life Situations: Connect formulas to practical examples to enhance comprehension.

Conclusion

Physics formulas are the foundation of understanding key concepts in the subject. By mastering these essential formulas, HSC students can excel in their exams and build a solid foundation for future studies. Regular practice, understanding concepts, and applying formulas to real-world problems will ensure success in physics.